http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/south_of_scotland/7329740.stm
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7330119.stm
Friday, April 4, 2008
Wednesday, April 2, 2008
Chapter 26 HW
Chapter 26 Section 2 Study Guide:
1) Which side did the U.S. support, and why?
China's Civil War: The U.S. supported the nationalist Chiang Kai-shek. The opposing side of the conflict was mao Zedong and the Communist Party, who Americans would never support. According to the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. had to help the nationalist Chinese, who were resisting Communist takeover; it also went with the U.S.'s policy of containment. The American people also liked Chiang Kai-shek's courage in resisting Japan during World War II (although I don't think this matters much, but it's what the textbook says...)
Korea's Civil War: The U.S. supported South Korea in the Korean War. The U.S. had kept a few troops in South Korea after the Japanese troops occupying it surrendered to the U.S., and when the U.S. had only about 500 troops occupying the area, the Communists of North Korea attacked the 38th Parallel (the border between North and South Korea). The U.S. supported South Korea for the same reasons it supported Nationalist China: the Truman Doctrine, containment and America's intense fear of communists.
2) What did the U.S. do to affect the outcome of the war?
Chinese Civil War: The U.S. initially tried to negotiate between the nationalists and communists for peace, but when that failed, the U.S. sent $2 billion dollars in aid to the nationalists in military supplies and equipment.
Korean Civil War: Having learned its lesson after its failure to provide adequate aid to China's nationalists resulted in China becoming a Communist country, The U.S. sent troops to aid South Korea. 520,000 troops from a total of 16 countries were sent to S.K. (over 90% of them being American) to help the 590,000 South Korean troops, placed under the control of General Douglas MacArthur.
3) What was the outcome of the war?
Chinese Civil War: The corruption and poor military leadership lead the peasants of China to support the Communist Party, and Chiang and his government fled to Taiwan in May 1949. This left the Communists in control of China's mainland
Korean Civil War: The U.S. recaptured South Korea and proceeded to fight until the Soviet Union suggested a truce in June 1951, and a year later negotiations were settled and the war was over. The boundary line was the 38th Parallel as before the war, and though Communism was contained, Korea was still divided.
4) How did the American public react to that outcome, and why?
Chinese Civil War: The U.S.'s government refused to recognize Communism as China's government. The people were shocked that containment had failed and that China was Communist. Congress turned on the Truman administration, saying that it didn't provide enough aid to Chiang. Conservative congressmen then started to say that the U.S. gov't. was infiltrated by communists, making America's fear of communism even more extreme.
Korean Civil War: The U.S. was shocked that we they couldn't take a nation as small as North Korea only 5 years after World War II. The war was also very expensive, costing $67 billion and losing 54,000 Americans, and was viewed as unsuccessful (although by the standards of containment it was a success) because things were just as they were before the war. This failure lead the U.S. to elect the Republican administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower (Truman was a democrat). Finally, the war increased fear of communism and started the "witch hunts" for Communists in America.
Mao Zedong: Mao Zedong was the Communist leader who made China a Communist country after his side won the Chinese Civil War.
Chiang Kai-shek: Chiang Kai-shek was the corrupt leader of the nationalist party that lost to the Communists in the Chinese Civil War.
Taiwan: After his defeat, Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan in 1949 with the remains of his government.
38th Parallel: The dividing line between the Communist North Korea and the democratic South Korea.
1) Which side did the U.S. support, and why?
China's Civil War: The U.S. supported the nationalist Chiang Kai-shek. The opposing side of the conflict was mao Zedong and the Communist Party, who Americans would never support. According to the Truman Doctrine, the U.S. had to help the nationalist Chinese, who were resisting Communist takeover; it also went with the U.S.'s policy of containment. The American people also liked Chiang Kai-shek's courage in resisting Japan during World War II (although I don't think this matters much, but it's what the textbook says...)
Korea's Civil War: The U.S. supported South Korea in the Korean War. The U.S. had kept a few troops in South Korea after the Japanese troops occupying it surrendered to the U.S., and when the U.S. had only about 500 troops occupying the area, the Communists of North Korea attacked the 38th Parallel (the border between North and South Korea). The U.S. supported South Korea for the same reasons it supported Nationalist China: the Truman Doctrine, containment and America's intense fear of communists.
2) What did the U.S. do to affect the outcome of the war?
Chinese Civil War: The U.S. initially tried to negotiate between the nationalists and communists for peace, but when that failed, the U.S. sent $2 billion dollars in aid to the nationalists in military supplies and equipment.
Korean Civil War: Having learned its lesson after its failure to provide adequate aid to China's nationalists resulted in China becoming a Communist country, The U.S. sent troops to aid South Korea. 520,000 troops from a total of 16 countries were sent to S.K. (over 90% of them being American) to help the 590,000 South Korean troops, placed under the control of General Douglas MacArthur.
3) What was the outcome of the war?
Chinese Civil War: The corruption and poor military leadership lead the peasants of China to support the Communist Party, and Chiang and his government fled to Taiwan in May 1949. This left the Communists in control of China's mainland
Korean Civil War: The U.S. recaptured South Korea and proceeded to fight until the Soviet Union suggested a truce in June 1951, and a year later negotiations were settled and the war was over. The boundary line was the 38th Parallel as before the war, and though Communism was contained, Korea was still divided.
4) How did the American public react to that outcome, and why?
Chinese Civil War: The U.S.'s government refused to recognize Communism as China's government. The people were shocked that containment had failed and that China was Communist. Congress turned on the Truman administration, saying that it didn't provide enough aid to Chiang. Conservative congressmen then started to say that the U.S. gov't. was infiltrated by communists, making America's fear of communism even more extreme.
Korean Civil War: The U.S. was shocked that we they couldn't take a nation as small as North Korea only 5 years after World War II. The war was also very expensive, costing $67 billion and losing 54,000 Americans, and was viewed as unsuccessful (although by the standards of containment it was a success) because things were just as they were before the war. This failure lead the U.S. to elect the Republican administration of Dwight D. Eisenhower (Truman was a democrat). Finally, the war increased fear of communism and started the "witch hunts" for Communists in America.
Mao Zedong: Mao Zedong was the Communist leader who made China a Communist country after his side won the Chinese Civil War.
Chiang Kai-shek: Chiang Kai-shek was the corrupt leader of the nationalist party that lost to the Communists in the Chinese Civil War.
Taiwan: After his defeat, Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan in 1949 with the remains of his government.
38th Parallel: The dividing line between the Communist North Korea and the democratic South Korea.
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